Factors affecting recurrence following arthroscopic Bankart repair in recreational athletes

Detailed evaluation for recurrence following arthroscopic Bankart repair (ABR)s is important to develop strategies to decrease recurrence rates. The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcomes following ABR and to investigate clinical, functional and demographic data by recurrence status in recreational athletes. A total of 67 consecutive ABRs (63 males, 4 females) with a minimum 5-year follow-up were included in the study. Pre- and post-operative clinical and functional outcomes were evaluated using VAS, shoulder ROM, ASES, UCLA, Constant-Murley, Oxford Instability and Rowe scores. Patient characteristics were evaluated to investigate the correlation with the outcomes. Factors associated with recurrence were also evaluated. The mean age was 30.8 ± 7.7 years and the mean follow-up was 87.7 ± 19.1 months. Good to excellent postoperative functional and clinical outcomes were obtained in the last follow-up compared with the baseline (p<0.001). Eleven shoulders (16.5%) experienced recurrent instability. Contact sports, glenoid bone loss, Hill-Sachs lesions and smoking habit were associated with recurrence status (p=0.007, p=0.043, p=0.023, p=0.017, respectively). Only postoperative abduction degree was significantly higher in recurrence (-) patients compared to recurrence (+) patients (p<0.001). No major complications were occurred in peri- or post-operative period. Forty-seven patients returned to their preoperative sports activity levels. Good to excellent mediumto long-term functional and clinical outcomes were achieved after ABR. Contact sports, glenoid bone loss, Hill-Sachs lesions and smoking habit were associated with recurrence after ABRs.